Utah Symphony

Instrumentation: 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, strings

Duration: 8 minutes.

THE COMPOSER – GABRIEL FAURÉ (1845-1924) – When Fauré's solo cello Élégie was officially premiered late in 1883, he was only weeks away from the birth of the first of two sons he would have with Marie Fremiet, his new wife as of the previous March. Life as a family man forced Fauré to be financially productive in ways that took time away from his composing, a pursuit he confined now mostly to the summer months.

THE MUSIC – The Élégie actually dates unofficially back to 1880, at which time Fauré still intended it as part of full sonata for cello and piano. Though he found the positive reaction to an early private performance encouraging he never did finish the sonata. The orphaned single movement did not suffer much though, and soon took on a new life as a highly appealing concert work, which is how we know it today. Fauré called the "new" piece Élégie and dedicated it in tribute to cellist Jules Loeb, who had passed away in 1883. The piece was first performed that December in its sonata guise – cello and piano – but Fauré would orchestrate it several years later at the request of conductor Eduoard Colonne. For a composer who is remembered more for his many small efforts than his few grand ones, the Élégie represents Fauré's voice as surely as his Requiem. His style would certainly evolve in various ways as he aged (indeed it was already starting to do so by the time the Élégie was orchestrated) and he would prove an innovative link between declining Romantic and the rising 20th Century. It is from early distillations of the Romantic Era aesthetic into simple, often mono-chromatic mood settings that we know Fauré best, however, and the somber straight lines of the Élégie display his lifelong gift for combining passion with grace.

THE WORLD – Richard Wagner died in Venice in 1883, incidentally the same year The Metropolitan Opera was founded in New York City. Also in 1883, the famous and catastrophic volcanic eruption on the Indonesian island of Krakatoa occurred.

THE CONNECTION – Faure's Élégie has appeared only a few times on past Utah Symphony programs. The most recent Masterworks performance was in 1986. Charles Ketcham conducted and Lynn Harrell was soloist.

Instrumentation: 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, harp, organ, piano, strings, chorus

Duration: 6 minutes.

THE COMPOSER – GABRIEL FAURÉ (1845-1924) – Fauré was in his final year at the Ecole Niedermeyer in Paris in 1865. He was barely twenty years of age at the time but he finished his student career heavily laden with honors and awards. While at the Ecole he had earned separate prizes in literature, piano, solfege, harmony and counterpoint before eventually, in that last year, winning the premiers prix in composition.

THE MUSIC – The work that garnered the Ecole Niedermayer's first prize in 1865 was the Cantique de Jean Racine, a short hymn setting for mixed chorus and the first of many important religious works from Fauré. Jean Racine was a 17th century French dramatist and poet who, among his many important contributions to western letters, created a French translation of several portions of the Roman Breviary in 1688. Among them was the Ambrosian hymn for Tuesday Matins Consors paterni luminous ("O light of light"). Fauré chose to name his piece after Racine rather than the mediaeval source material, possibly because the elegant and rather florid French version was quite a creative leap from the original Latin. The words form an entreaty to God for his heavenly gaze, fiery mercy and guidance towards the path of righteousness. It ends with an exchange of faith and grace between Christ and his gathered followers. Fauré treats the inspiring text with a gorgeously restrained and respectful charm that reflects his ten years of training at the liturgically-focused Niedermeyer school, the last four of which having been spent under the tutelage of Camille Saint-Saëns. Saint-Saëns was an artful economist himself as a composer and his subtle hand is evident in Fauré's early pieces, including the Cantique. The piece was originally scored for chorus and organ alone but Fauré breathed new life into it forty years later in 1906 with a small orchestra instrumentation.

THE WORLD – The American Civil War ended in 1865 but the country also lost President Lincoln. The first accent of the Matterhorn occurred that year and the Dominican Republic regained its independence from Spain. Also, Schubert's "Unfinished" Symphony had its premiere.

THE CONNECTION – This weekend's concerts represent the Utah Symphony premiere of Faure's Cantique de Jean Racine.